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Lead exposure linked to ADHD in kids | Scientists believe that exposure to lead might be linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in kids. They said while genes may account for as much as 70 percent of
hyperactivity and inattention in children, rest 30pct could be down to levels
of lead in the body. Two new studies have provided strong evidence. The first
study compared children formally diagnosed with ADHD to controls, and found that
the children with the disorder had slightly higher levels of lead in their blood.
This study showed a link only between blood lead and hyperactivity/impulsivity
symptoms, not inattention. But a second study showed a robust link between blood
lead and both parent and teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms, including both hyperactivity
and attention problems. Psychological scientist Joel Nigg of the Oregon Health
& Science University offers a causal model for the disabling symptoms associated
with ADHD. Lead attaches to sites in the brain's striatum and frontal cortex,
where it acts on the genes in these regions-causing them to turn on or remain
inactive. Gene activity shapes the development and activity of these brain regions.
By disrupting brain activity, the toxin in turn alters psychological processes
supported by these neurons, notably cognitive control. Finally, diminished cognitive
control contributes to hyperactivity and lack of vigilance. The findings appear
in journal Current Directions in Psychological Science. |
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